External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar's visit to Moscow is seen as a crucial step in preparing for the annual India-Russia Summit, scheduled for December 4-6, with Russian President Vladimir Putin expected to attend. This will be Putin's first visit to New Delhi since 2021.
Jaishankar's trip, which took place in August, included discussions with Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov and First Deputy Prime Minister Denis Manturov. These meetings covered a broad spectrum of bilateral, regional, and global issues, aiming to fortify the "time-tested" India-Russia partnership. The External Affairs Minister also co-chaired the 26th Session of the India-Russia Inter-Governmental Commission on Trade, Economic, Scientific, Technological and Cultural Cooperation (IRIGC-TEC).
The agenda for the summit is expected to be comprehensive, encompassing defense collaboration, energy security amidst EU sanctions, civil nuclear partnership, Arctic cooperation, and a roadmap for high-tech sector cooperation. India is also seeking enhanced market access in Russia for its exporters, particularly in sectors such as agricultural products, seafood, textiles, and gems and jewellery, especially after the US increased tariffs on Indian goods.
Defense cooperation is a key pillar of the India-Russia relationship. Potential outcomes of the summit include the announcement of India purchasing five S-400 missile defense systems and long-range missiles for Sukhoi fighter jets. The S-400 systems have already played a significant role in bolstering India's defense capabilities.
Energy cooperation is also high on the agenda. Discussions are expected regarding a pact on setting up a urea plant in Russia, leveraging Russia's abundant natural gas resources. India has also increased its import of Russian energy since the start of the conflict in Ukraine.
Furthermore, the leaders may address global matters, including the conflict in Ukraine. India has welcomed efforts to resolve the conflict peacefully. Prime Minister Modi has reiterated his support for initiatives addressing the situation in Ukraine, emphasizing the need for a cessation of conflict and a durable peace settlement.
In advance of Putin's visit, the two nations are planning to host the second edition of the 2+2 Foreign & Defence Ministerial Dialogue in New Delhi. This high-level engagement underscores the commitment of both nations to deepen cooperation across various sectors.
The upcoming summit also occurs amidst a backdrop of evolving geopolitical dynamics, including strains in India's trade relations with the U.S. and a growing engagement with both Russia and China. Despite external pressures, India and Russia continue to emphasize their "Special and Privileged Strategic Partnership".
