The Monsoon Session of Parliament, commencing on July 21, 2025, is anticipated to be a tumultuous period, marked by potential clashes between the ruling BJP-led government and the opposition parties. Several contentious issues are expected to dominate the proceedings in both the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha, setting the stage for heated debates and possible adjournments.

One of the primary points of contention is likely to be the Pahalgam terror attack that occurred on April 22, 2025, in which 26 civilians, mainly Hindu tourists, were killed. The opposition is expected to press the government for answers regarding the handling of the attack, including questions about intelligence failures, security lapses, and the progress in apprehending the perpetrators. The attack, claimed initially by The Resistance Front (TRF), a proxy of Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT), has heightened tensions between India and Pakistan, with India accusing Pakistan of supporting cross-border terrorism. The United States has designated TRF as a Foreign Terrorist Organization.

The opposition is also expected to raise questions about Operation Sindoor, India's retaliatory military operation following the Pahalgam attack. This operation led to a military conflict between India and Pakistan, with reports of airstrikes and artillery attacks. A fragile ceasefire was reached on May 10.

Adding to the already tense atmosphere, the opposition is likely to seek clarity on claims made by former U.S. President Donald Trump regarding the conflict between India and Pakistan. Trump has repeatedly asserted that he mediated a ceasefire between the two nations and that "five jets were shot down" during the conflict. These claims have been disputed by India, which maintains that the ceasefire was a result of direct talks between the two militaries without any mediation by the U.S.. Gregory Meeks, a member of the US House Foreign Affairs Committee, also debunked Trump's claim that the US gave a $21 million grant to India to boost voter turnout.

Besides these contentious issues, the government is planning to introduce eight new bills during the Monsoon Session. These include the National Sports Governance Bill, the Geoheritage Sites and Geo-relics (Preservation and Maintenance) Bill, the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Bill, and the National Anti-Doping (Amendment) Bill. The government is also expected to present the Income Tax Bill, 2025.

The opposition is also expected to raise concerns about the Election Commission's Special Intensive Revision of electoral rolls in Bihar. Other issues likely to be discussed include rising inflation, the plight of MSMEs, and the condition of infrastructure such as bridges and highways.

With a range of critical issues on the table, the Monsoon Session of Parliament is set to be a challenging and potentially stormy period for both the government and the opposition. The session, scheduled to have 21 sittings, is expected to conclude on August 21, 2025.