Amid escalating tensions between India and Pakistan, Pakistan has reportedly shut its airspace, prompting widespread disruptions to international air travel. This closure follows accusations from India that Pakistan is using civilian flights as shields to deter Indian responses during cross-border conflicts. The situation has led to flight diversions, increased travel times, and financial strain on airlines.
India's accusation stems from recent events where Pakistan allegedly launched drone attacks while keeping its airspace open to civilian airliners. According to Indian officials, this tactic endangered civilian lives, as India would be compelled to respond to the attacks. Wing Commander Vyomika Singh of the Indian Air Force stated that Pakistan's actions were reckless and irresponsible, putting international carriers at risk. She presented data purportedly showing civilian aircraft flying between Karachi and Lahore during a high air defense alert in the Punjab sector, while Indian airspace was clear of civilian traffic due to declared closures.
Pakistan has not directly responded to these accusations with an official statement. However, the country's aviation authorities have conveyed concerns to the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) regarding the safety risks posed by India's actions. Pakistan's Airport Authority (PAA) criticized India's actions as "reckless and provocative,".
The airspace closures and route diversions have significantly impacted both regional and international airlines. Numerous carriers have been forced to alter flight paths, leading to longer flight times and increased fuel consumption. For example, flights between Bangkok and Pakistan are directly affected, while those between Thailand and Europe have experienced delays of 30-40 minutes due to rerouting. Similarly, India-Dhaka flights are taking up to two hours longer, adding to operational costs.
Several airlines, including British Airways, Air France, Swiss International Airlines, KLM, and others, have rerouted flights to avoid Pakistani airspace. Many airlines are diverting south via the Gulf of Oman and the UAE. These adjustments have resulted in considerable logistical challenges and increased expenses for airlines.
The financial implications of these disruptions are substantial. Industry sources estimate that the airspace closures could cost Indian airlines approximately $800 million annually due to increased fuel costs, longer routes, and technical stops. Air India, in particular, faces significant operational challenges, with longer routes straining the efficiency of its aircraft and increasing crew costs.
In addition to airspace closures, both India and Pakistan have closed several airports. India has closed approximately 25 flight routes that facilitate entry into Pakistani airspace. These closures have led to flight cancellations and ব্যাপক disruptions for passengers. As of May 9, 2025, 24 airports in India were closed until May 15.
The ongoing conflict has also prompted international bodies to issue safety advisories. The Civil Aviation Authority of Thailand (CAAT) has urged passengers to verify their travel plans, as many airlines have rerouted flights to avoid Pakistani airspace. The UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) advises against all travel within 10km of the India-Pakistan border.
The situation remains volatile, with the potential for further escalation and prolonged disruptions to air travel. Without a resolution, airlines may face continued financial strain and logistical challenges, while passengers may experience longer travel times and increased fares.
