In light of recent mid-flight fire incidents attributed to power banks, aviation experts are emphasizing the critical importance of adhering to the one-hand-bag-per-passenger rule. These incidents, involving lithium-ion batteries overheating and igniting, have prompted stricter regulations from aviation authorities worldwide.
The primary concern stems from the potential for "thermal runaway," a dangerous phenomenon where lithium-ion batteries overheat and can cause fires in the confined environment of an airplane cabin. Several factors contribute to this risk, including damage to the power bank, exposure to extreme temperatures, or internal defects. The dry, pressurized environment of an aircraft cabin can further exacerbate these risks.
Regulations now mandate that power banks and spare lithium batteries be carried in carry-on baggage, not in checked luggage. This is to ensure that any potential fire can be quickly detected and addressed by the cabin crew. Some airlines are even prohibiting the use and charging of power banks during flights. Authorities at Dubai International Airport, among others, have explicitly prohibited spare batteries and power banks in checked-in luggage.
Adding to the concern, a recent DGCA (Directorate General of Civil Aviation) circular in India has barred the use of power banks to charge devices in-flight, including via in-seat power systems. Flyers are also prohibited from storing power banks and batteries in overhead bins, further emphasizing the need for these items to remain within easy reach in a handbag. The DGCA has directed airlines to make in-flight announcements regarding these new rules and instructed passengers to immediately inform the cabin crew if any device emits heat, smoke, or an unusual odor.
Aviation experts are now warning that airlines should strictly enforce the one-hand-bag-per-passenger rule. This is because, despite the regulations, many airlines often take passengers' hand bags at boarding gates when overhead bins are full and place them in the aircraft's belly. This practice defeats the purpose of keeping lithium batteries out of the baggage hold, where a fire could go undetected for a prolonged time.
These lithium battery fires are notably energetic and can cause devices to explode. Such fires can be triggered by uncontrolled heating, overcharging, crushing, internal short circuits (due to poor manufacturing or damage), or aging batteries. Unlike other fires, lithium battery fires can be self-sustaining and require special methods to extinguish.
To mitigate these risks, it is essential to minimize the potential for devices to overheat, ensure early fire detection, and reinforce effective firefighting procedures. Passengers should purchase power banks from reputable retailers, check for safety features (such as over-charge, short-circuit, over-temperature, and over-heat protection), and regularly inspect their power banks for damage like cracks, bulges, or exposed wires. Moreover, avoid storing power banks with metal objects that could cause a short circuit, and never leave them charging unattended or overnight.
Airlines generally permit power banks with a capacity of up to 100Wh (watt-hours) in carry-on luggage without requiring special approval. Power banks between 100Wh and 160Wh may be allowed with airline approval, but anything exceeding 160Wh is typically prohibited. It's always best to check with the specific airline for their regulations, as they can vary.
By adhering to these guidelines and strictly enforcing the one-hand-bag rule, aviation authorities and airlines can significantly reduce the risk of power bank-related fire incidents, ensuring safer air travel for all.
