In the wake of devastating landslides and floods in northern India, the Supreme Court has taken cognizance of the issue of illegal tree felling and its potential contribution to these disasters. The court has issued notices to the central government, the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), and the governments of several northern states, including Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Jammu and Kashmir, and Punjab.

A bench led by Chief Justice B.R. Gavai noted media reports indicating that a significant amount of wood was seen flowing in the floodwaters, suggesting widespread illegal tree felling. The court is treating a plea filed by Anamika Rana which alleges that illegal tree felling is a key reason for the recent disasters. The court has asked Solicitor General Tushar Mehta to ensure that remedial measures are taken. The matter is scheduled for further hearing in two weeks.

The Supreme Court's intervention highlights the critical link between environmental degradation and increased vulnerability to natural disasters. The court has observed that the "unprecedented landslides and floods" in the affected states are partly attributable to an ecological crisis resulting from the "rampant felling of trees for illegal construction". This observation underscores the importance of sustainable development practices that prioritize environmental protection.

This is not the first time the Supreme Court has addressed the issue of illegal tree felling. In July 2024, the court criticized the Lieutenant Governor of Delhi for granting permission to fell trees without proper consideration, particularly when an application was already pending before the court. The court emphasized the need for all authorities to act with due diligence and ensure compliance with established procedures when dealing with environmental matters.

The recent floods in northern India have been particularly severe, with Punjab experiencing its worst deluge since 1988. All 23 districts of Punjab have been affected, resulting in significant loss of life and widespread damage. Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand have also suffered extensive damage from landslides and floods, disrupting infrastructure and displacing communities.

The Supreme Court's action reflects a growing recognition of the need to address the root causes of these disasters, including illegal tree felling and unsustainable construction practices. By holding authorities accountable and seeking remedial measures, the court aims to promote a more responsible and environmentally conscious approach to development in the ecologically sensitive Himalayan region.