One year after the commencement of Modi 3.0, India's defense landscape has undergone a significant transformation, marked by a proactive approach to national security and a departure from traditional doctrines. Spearheading this change is "Operation Sindoor," a military operation that has redefined India's approach to cross-border terrorism and solidified its position as a regional power.

Operation Sindoor, initiated in May 2025 in response to the deadly Pahalgam terror attack, signifies a paradigm shift in India's military strategy. Instead of adhering to a policy of strategic restraint, India adopted a calibrated, high-impact reprisal, aiming to enforce deterrence and inflict substantial costs on those responsible for fomenting terror. This operation did not aim for territorial gains or prolonged conflict but rather sought to redefine the rules of engagement.

The operation unfolded in two primary phases. The first involved precision strikes by the Indian Air Force deep within Pakistani territory, targeting terrorist enclaves in Bahawalpur, Muridke, Kotli, and Skardu. These strikes, executed with meticulous intelligence and utilizing advanced weaponry like SCALP missiles and BrahMos supersonic missiles, neutralized key terrorist infrastructure, resulting in over 100 confirmed militant casualties, including senior leaders of proscribed organizations.

The second, more daring phase targeted eleven Pakistani airbases with BrahMos cruise missiles and stand-off weapons. These strikes crippled the Pakistan Air Force's operational capabilities by damaging airstrips, hardened aircraft shelters, radar systems, and command centers. According to defense experts, India's S-400 air defense system played a crucial role, even destroying a Pakistani SAAB-2000 airborne early warning system deep inside Pakistani territory.

The swift and decisive nature of Operation Sindoor compelled Pakistan to seek a ceasefire within four days. Chief of Defence Staff General Anil Chauhan emphasized that the operation's intent was to halt state-sponsored terrorism from Pakistan, signaling that India would no longer tolerate terror and nuclear blackmail. The operation underscored India's commitment to holding those responsible for attacks accountable and demonstrated a willingness to use kinetic power with precision and political clarity.

Beyond Operation Sindoor, Modi 3.0 has focused on broader defense reforms aimed at modernizing the armed forces, promoting self-reliance, and enhancing national security. Key initiatives include:

• Increased Indigenization: The "Make in India" program has gained significant momentum, promoting domestic procurement, defense startups, and innovation to reduce import dependence. Defense exports have increased significantly as a result of initiatives like the Defence Acquisition Procedure 2020 and iDEX.
• Military Modernization: Recognizing the persistent challenges from China and Pakistan, the government has emphasized military modernization, increasing the defense budget and pushing for the development of advanced military capabilities, including nuclear-powered attack submarines and a third aircraft carrier.
• Reforms in Recruitment: The Agnipath scheme, launched in 2022, aims to create a younger army and reduce pension costs. While the scheme has faced some challenges, the government is working to revise it to address concerns and ensure its effectiveness.
• Focus on Innovation and Technology: Initiatives like the India AI Mission and the launch of tools like Divya Drishti by DRDO demonstrate a commitment to incorporating advanced technologies into defense and security operations.

These efforts reflect a comprehensive approach to national security, integrating military strength with technological advancement and economic self-reliance. Modi 3.0's defense revolution is not just about military might; it's about creating a robust, resilient, and self-sufficient defense ecosystem that can effectively address the evolving security challenges facing India. By shifting from strategic restraint to proactive deterrence, India has signaled its resolve to protect its interests and ensure regional stability.