The crash of Air India flight AI 171, a Boeing 787 Dreamliner, shortly after takeoff from Ahmedabad on June 12, 2025, has triggered intense scrutiny of potential causes, including the possibility of electrical failure in the aircraft's "more-electric" systems. The tragedy, which claimed the lives of 241 of the 242 people on board and at least three dozen on the ground, has prompted widespread speculation and expert analysis, with attention focused on the advanced electrical architecture of the B787.

The Boeing 787 Dreamliner distinguishes itself through its "more-electric" design philosophy. Unlike traditional aircraft that rely heavily on pneumatic and hydraulic systems powered by the engines, the 787 utilizes electricity to power various systems, including hydraulics, engine start, and wing ice protection. This design aims to improve fuel efficiency and reduce maintenance. The 787 generates more electricity than previous models, using six generators: two on each engine and two on the auxiliary power unit (APU). In normal flight, the engine generators are the primary electrical source, with the APU generators serving as a backup. The aircraft also has a main battery, APU battery, and ram air turbine (RAT) for emergency power.

In the wake of the AI 171 crash, the question arises whether a failure within this complex electrical system could have contributed to the dual engine failure reported by the pilot in his Mayday call. An ex-IAF veteran has suggested that a total electrical breakdown could have occurred, potentially leading to the engine failure. This theory aligns with reports that the lights flickered in the cockpit and cabin before the crash, as reported by the sole survivor.

The deployment of the Ram Air Turbine (RAT), a device that automatically extends to generate emergency power in the event of total engine or electrical failure, is considered significant. According to aviation analyst Captain Steve Scheibner, the sound of the RAT spinning at high speed was audible in the unedited crash video, pointing towards a catastrophic loss of power.

However, it is important to note that the investigation is still in its early stages, and various other factors are being considered. These include:

• Dual Engine Failure: While rare, a simultaneous failure of both engines is a key focus. Theories range from fuel contamination to bird strikes, though some experts consider these less likely.
• Flap Configuration: Some experts initially suggested that incorrect flap settings or a mistake in retracting the flaps instead of the landing gear could have led to a loss of lift. However, the RAT deployment shifts the focus to power-related issues.
• Pilot Error: The possibility of human error, such as mishandling the engine controls during a critical phase of flight, is also being examined.
• Weight and Atmospheric Conditions: Overweight conditions combined with high temperatures could have affected the aircraft's ability to sustain altitude.

Investigators are analyzing the flight data recorder (FDR) and cockpit voice recorder (CVR) to gain a clearer understanding of the sequence of events leading to the crash. These recordings will provide crucial insights into the performance of the engines, the operation of the electrical systems, and the actions of the flight crew.

The investigation will also consider the Boeing 787's history of technical issues. While the 787 has an excellent safety record overall, there have been past incidents involving engine shutdowns, electrical problems, and other malfunctions. Whether these previous issues are related to the AI 171 crash remains to be seen. Boeing faces scrutiny as the Air India crash stirs memories of past issues, potentially hindering its recovery from previous crises.