During his state visit in July 2025, Prime Minister Narendra Modi partook in a dinner served on Sohari leaves in Trinidad and Tobago, offering a glimpse into the rich Indo-Caribbean heritage of the region. This seemingly simple act carries profound cultural and historical significance, deeply rooted in Bhojpuri traditions and holding a special place in the hearts of Indo-Trinidadians.
The Sohari leaf, derived from the Calathea lutea plant, is more than just a plate; it's a symbol of connection to ancestral roots and a testament to the enduring traditions of the Indian diaspora. The word "Sohari" itself comes from Bhojpuri, meaning "food for the gods". This association stems from the practice of serving special roti, basted in ghee, to Brahmins on these large leaves during religious functions. Over time, the leaves themselves adopted the name "Sohari," becoming synonymous with communal meals at religious and social gatherings.
The Calathea lutea plant, also known as bijao, is native to the Caribbean and is characterized by its large, durable leaves. These leaves, typically measuring about 1.5 feet wide and 3 feet long, are favored for their size, abundance, low cost, and relative cleanliness. Their water-resistant quality, owing to a thin waxy layer on the underside, makes them suitable for serving a variety of dishes, including rice, curries, and other traditional Indian delicacies. In addition to their use as plates, Sohari leaves have other applications. They are used in the preparation of tamales in South America and for wrapping a traditional Colombian guava jam called bocadillo de guayaba. The wax found on the leaf's surface has also been studied for potential modern applications, including in dentistry. Furthermore, the stems can be used for basket weaving and handicrafts, and the plant is sometimes grown as an ornamental.
For Indo-Trinidadians, the Sohari leaf holds a special place in their cultural identity. It has been used for over a century in religious and social functions, particularly among Hindus. Scholar Ravindranath Maharaj estimates that over 100,000 Sohari leaves are used monthly for Hindu functions in Trinidad. Serving food on Sohari leaves is a tradition deeply embedded in the community's collective memory, evoking a sense of nostalgia and connection to their ancestors. While plastic versions have become more common due to convenience and cost, the fresh leaves remain a symbol of authenticity and cultural pride.
The use of leaves as plates is not unique to Trinidad. Across India, various types of leaves, such as banana leaves, jackfruit leaves, and teak leaves, have been traditionally used for serving food. These practices reflect a deep respect for nature and a sustainable approach to dining. In Bihar, for example, multiple types of traditional leaf plates, both fresh-cut and dried/stitched, are used for serving meals.
Prime Minister Modi's experience of eating on a Sohari leaf in Trinidad is a powerful reminder of the enduring cultural connections between India and its diaspora. It highlights the importance of preserving and celebrating these traditions, which enrich the cultural landscape of both countries. By embracing the Sohari leaf, PM Modi not only partook in a meal but also honored the history, heritage, and "food for the gods" tradition cherished by the Indo-Trinidadian community.
