The resumption of direct flights between India and China in 2025, after a five-year hiatus, signals a noteworthy shift in the priorities of both Prime Minister Narendra Modi and President Xi Jinping. The move, impacting travel, trade, and geopolitics, reflects a calculated recalibration of relations amid evolving global dynamics.

Flights between the two countries were halted in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and were further strained by geopolitical tensions, particularly the Galwan Valley clash. With the suspension of direct air links, travel between the two nations relied on connecting flights through hubs like Dubai, Singapore, or Hong Kong, leading to increased costs and longer travel times. The absence of direct flights also impacted trade, tourism and people-to-people exchanges.

Several factors underscore the significance of this resumption. Firstly, it symbolizes a thaw in relations after a period of heightened tension. High-level talks and diplomatic engagements, including Prime Minister Modi's visit to China for the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Summit in Tianjin, have paved the way for normalizing ties. Both leaders acknowledged progress since their last meeting and emphasized partnership over rivalry.

Secondly, the resumption of flights highlights the economic priorities of both nations. China remains a major trading partner for India, and India relies on China to achieve its economic growth targets. Increased connectivity can facilitate business travel, reduce costs for students and tourists, and strengthen supply chains. Potential Chinese investment in India's electric vehicle industry and greater access for Chinese firms in the Indian market have also been highlighted.

The move also reflects the leaders' focus on regional stability and global cooperation. As two of the largest developing countries, India and China have a shared interest in shaping regional stability and advancing development. Increased cooperation between India and China could also facilitate closer economic integration across the Asia-Pacific region.

Furthermore, the resumption of direct flights takes place against the backdrop of escalating trade disputes with the United States. The imposition of tariffs on Indian goods by the U.S. has added to economic uncertainties, prompting both India and China to seek stronger bilateral ties. This has led to agreements to facilitate bilateral trade and investments, as well as a willingness to address regulatory hurdles.

Both countries are keen to diversify economic partnerships. In recent months, India and China have signed agreements promoting cross-border investment and simplifying travel arrangements. China has also eased tourist visa rules and extended its 240-hour transit visa scheme, moves expected to attract more Indian business and leisure travelers.

Looking ahead, several challenges remain. The regulatory process for airlines to secure operating permits and security clearances is detailed. However, if approvals progress smoothly, passengers could be booking direct flights between India and China by late 2025 or early 2026.

The resumption of direct flights between India and China reflects a pragmatic approach by both Prime Minister Modi and President Xi. It underscores their focus on normalizing relations, promoting economic growth, and fostering regional stability amid a complex global landscape. While challenges remain, the move represents a significant step towards укреплять bilateral ties and unlocking new opportunities for cooperation.