The Indian government has directed ministries and central departments to conduct a thorough re-evaluation of the PhD selection methods, including the process of selecting guides and how they support doctoral students. This directive, issued by Cabinet Secretary T V Somanathan following a meeting between Prime Minister Narendra Modi and various secretaries, emphasizes the need to re-orient PhD programs to foster innovation and the development of relevant technologies.
The government is encouraging ministries to explore the possibility of establishing joint PhD programs through a 'Network Project System,' which would involve collaborative research between multiple PhD scholars from different institutions. This push for collaborative research aligns with a broader recognition that countries with strong ecosystems for such endeavors often lead in innovation and achieve greater success in garnering top awards, including Nobel Prizes.
Several factors are driving this re-evaluation. One key concern is ensuring that research questions and hypotheses are aligned with the country's emerging needs and priorities. The aim is to shift away from purely theoretical pursuits and towards research with practical applications and tangible benefits for society. There's also a focus on enhancing the "employability" of graduates from various educational courses. This includes revising courses in Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs) in consultation with industries, ensuring that the curriculum aligns with evolving technologies and industry needs.
The government is advocating for a paradigm shift in doctoral research methodologies. Officials have noted that actual research should be qualitative, quantitative, and incorporate mixed methods, a common practice in countries like the US. Furthermore, there's a call for mandatory teaching requirements and the need to secure competitive grants before doctoral degrees are awarded, signaling a move towards a more rigorous and comprehensive PhD system.
This re-evaluation also encompasses the competencies required of doctoral candidates, with emphasis being placed on a candidate's awareness of the research process, academic qualifications, personal characteristics, professional experience, and the originality of their dissertation.
The current PhD system has faced criticism. In Germany, for example, concerns have been raised about the attractiveness of PhD programs failing to draw in enough students. Meanwhile, in Turkey, the selection of students through central exams that don't adequately measure suitability for doctoral qualifications has been a point of contention. These criticisms highlight the importance of a robust and well-designed selection process that identifies candidates with the potential to excel in research and contribute meaningfully to their fields.
This initiative signifies a commitment to improving the quality and relevance of doctoral education in India, ensuring that PhD programs produce graduates who are not only knowledgeable but also equipped with the skills and experience necessary to drive innovation and contribute to the nation's progress. By encouraging collaborative research, promoting interdisciplinary approaches, and aligning research with national priorities, the government aims to cultivate a new generation of researchers who can address the challenges facing the country and contribute to its continued growth and development.
