In response to deteriorating air quality, authorities in Delhi-NCR have implemented Stage II of the Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP) with immediate effect. This action comes a day before Diwali, as air quality across the region dips into the "very poor" category.
The decision to invoke GRAP-2 follows a concerning trend of worsening air quality in the lead-up to the festival. On Sunday, several areas in Delhi recorded AQI levels above 400, which is categorized as "severe". Akshardham (426) and Anand Vihar (418) were among the most polluted localities. On Sunday, the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) recorded Delhi's overall AQI at 284.
GRAP is a set of emergency measures that are implemented based on air quality levels to combat pollution. GRAP-2 entails a stricter set of actions compared to GRAP-1, which was enforced earlier this season on October 14. These measures aim to control and mitigate air pollution arising from various sources. Key actions under GRAP-2 include intensified dust control measures, and augmenting public transport services.
The deteriorating air quality is attributed to a combination of factors, including increased vehicular emissions, industrial activities, and meteorological conditions. According to the Decision Support System (DSS), transport emissions were the leading contributor to Delhi's PM2.5 levels. Calm winds and falling temperatures exacerbate the problem by trapping pollutants near the surface. The contribution of stubble burning to Delhi's pollution is also expected to rise.
The public has been advised to take necessary precautions, particularly those with pre-existing health conditions. Exposure to PM2.5 can cause diseases affecting the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, including stroke, lung cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
The Delhi government has also launched its Winter Action Plan for 2025-26, which includes 25 measures across seven key areas. These areas include control of road dust, vehicular and industrial emissions, open burning, solid waste management, citizen engagement, monitoring, and promotion of green innovation. As part of the plan, the government has deployed mechanical road sweepers, water sprinklers, and anti-smog guns across the city.
While the Supreme Court has allowed the sale and bursting of eco-friendly firecrackers during Diwali, authorities are urging citizens to celebrate the festival in a safe and environment-friendly manner. The President of India, Droupadi Murmu, also greeted citizens on the eve of Diwali, urging them to celebrate responsibly.
