Amidst renewed tensions between India and Pakistan, China has once again asserted its territorial claims by renaming places in Arunachal Pradesh, a move that has sparked strong reactions from India. This is the fifth time China has taken such action, with the latest list including 27 locations, comprising mountains, residential areas, passes, rivers, and a lake.
The timing of this move is particularly noteworthy, as it coincides with heightened tensions between India and Pakistan following a recent attack in Indian-administered Kashmir. The conflict, which erupted after gunmen killed 26 civilians in Pahalgam on April 22, led to a series of military exchanges between the two countries, including missile strikes and drone attacks. While a ceasefire was agreed upon on May 10, the situation remains volatile.
China's renaming of places in Arunachal Pradesh is seen as a strategic provocation aimed at challenging India's sovereignty. China claims Arunachal Pradesh as "Zangnan" or South Tibet and asserts that the renaming is within its sovereign rights. India has vehemently rejected these claims, stating that Arunachal Pradesh "was, is, and will always remain an integral and inalienable part of India".
The Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) has dismissed China's actions as "vain and preposterous," emphasizing that "creative naming will not alter the undeniable reality" of Arunachal Pradesh being a part of India. This firm stance reflects India's consistent position on the matter, with previous renaming attempts by China also being met with strong opposition.
China's actions are viewed by many as a form of coercive diplomacy to validate its territorial claims. This strategy involves making incremental moves, seemingly minor, but with a combined major and significant effect. China has been renaming locations in Arunachal Pradesh since 2017, with lists issued in 2021, 2023, and 2024. These actions often precede or coincide with diplomatic spats between India and China.
Adding to the complexity of the situation, China has been providing military and diplomatic support to Pakistan, further straining relations with India. This includes shielding terror proxies like The Resistance Front (TRF) at the United Nations. India is aware of the collaboration between China and Pakistan, both on the ground and in international forums.
Despite the tensions, there were efforts to improve relations between India and China. Following a disengagement in Ladakh, there were positive statements from both sides, with discussions of increased trade and investment. However, the recent developments, including the renaming of places and China's support for Pakistan, may cast a shadow over these efforts.
India is responding to China's actions through a combination of military, diplomatic, and economic measures. Chinese business deals are being closely scrutinized, and Indian firms are reportedly slowing down negotiations with Chinese companies. This cautious approach reflects a desire to assess the situation and the Indian government's engagement with China.
The situation remains delicate, with the potential for further escalation. The recent India-Pakistan conflict has lowered the threshold for future conflicts, and China's actions in Arunachal Pradesh add another layer of complexity to the regional dynamics. The international community is closely watching the developments, as the relationship between these major powers has significant implications for global stability.
