The India-Bangladesh border region is witnessing a flurry of activity, focusing on enhanced connectivity, infrastructure development, and security, as highlighted in a recent NDTV exclusive with Union Shipping Minister Sarbananda Sonowal. These efforts are unfolding against a backdrop of evolving geopolitical dynamics and recent political transitions in Bangladesh, creating both opportunities and challenges for the bilateral relationship.
Minister Sonowal emphasized the Indian government's commitment to integrating Northeast India into the country's maritime growth trajectory. A key component of this vision involves significant investments in waterways infrastructure along the Brahmaputra and Barak rivers. The Dredging Corporation of India (DCI) has been tasked with maintaining a minimum assured draft of 2.5 meters from the Bangladesh border to Pandu in Guwahati until 2027, backed by an additional allocation of ₹191 crore. These measures aim to ensure consistent navigability, boosting cargo and passenger movement, and improving last-mile connectivity.
Several projects are underway to enhance connectivity and trade. These include the construction of modern jetties equipped with onshore facilities at various locations, a world-class cruise terminal in Guwahati, and a Regional Centre of Excellence in Dibrugarh. Water metro services are also proposed for Guwahati and Dhubri, with electric catamarans being built. These initiatives are aligned with the vision of "Atmanirbhar Bharat" through sustainable and inclusive transport solutions.
Security remains a paramount concern along the India-Bangladesh border. The Border Security Force (BSF) has intensified its vigil, particularly in sensitive areas, to curb illegal crossings, smuggling, and trafficking. Efforts are also ongoing to complete the fencing of the border, with a significant portion already covered. The government has conveyed to Bangladesh that security measures, including fencing, are being implemented in accordance with existing protocols and agreements, with a focus on combating cross-border crimes.
However, the relationship between India and Bangladesh is currently navigating an uneasy phase, particularly after the recent change of government in Bangladesh. The new interim government is seeking a recalibration of its foreign policy, and anti-India sentiments have been on the rise. This has led to a suspension of some cross-border railway projects, raising concerns about regional integration. These stalled projects, worth nearly ₹5,000 crore, are crucial for linking northeastern states through Bangladesh's railway network and easing dependence on the Siliguri Corridor.
Despite these challenges, both countries recognize the importance of a strong and resilient partnership. India views Bangladesh as a crucial partner for protecting its northeastern borders and ensuring stability in the South Asian region. Bangladesh, in turn, benefits from India's support for its security and economic growth. Both nations are also part of key regional alliances like SAARC, BIMSTEC, and IORA, promoting collective security and regional integration.
Looking ahead, the India-Bangladesh relationship requires careful management and sustained dialogue to address outstanding issues and capitalize on opportunities for cooperation. Addressing concerns related to border management, water sharing, and trade imbalances will be crucial. Simultaneously, focusing on connectivity projects, cultural exchanges, and economic partnerships can further strengthen the bonds between the two nations. The coming months will be critical in shaping the future trajectory of this important bilateral relationship.
