North India is once again experiencing a scorching heatwave, with temperatures climbing above 40 degrees Celsius in several regions. This resurgence of intense heat follows a period of relatively cooler weather and unseasonal rains in some parts of the country. The India Meteorological Department (IMD) has issued warnings and alerts for several states, advising residents to take necessary precautions to protect themselves from the heat.

The current heatwave is affecting a large swathe of North India, including Delhi-NCR, Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, and Madhya Pradesh. The IMD has predicted that these conditions are likely to persist until at least June 11, with some regions experiencing severe heatwave conditions. In Delhi-NCR, temperatures are expected to reach 41-43°C during the day and 27-29°C at night. Rajasthan is likely to be the most affected, with temperatures soaring to 46.4°C in Sri Ganganagar.

The IMD defines a heatwave when the maximum temperature reaches 40°C in the plains, 30°C in hilly regions, and 37°C in coastal areas, with a departure from the normal maximum temperature of at least 4 to 5°C. A heatwave is also declared if the temperature exceeds 45°C, regardless of the departure from the normal.

The health impacts of heatwaves can be severe, especially for vulnerable populations such as the elderly, children, and those with chronic diseases. Prolonged exposure to high temperatures can lead to heatstroke, dehydration, and other heat-related illnesses. It can also exacerbate existing health conditions and increase the risk of mortality.

In light of the current heatwave, health authorities have issued advisories urging people to take the following precautions:

• Avoid prolonged exposure to the sun: Stay indoors as much as possible, especially during the hottest hours of the day (12:00 noon to 3:00 pm).
• Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water throughout the day, even if you don't feel thirsty. Avoid sugary drinks, alcohol, and caffeine, as these can lead to dehydration.
• Wear appropriate clothing: Wear lightweight, light-colored, and loose-fitting clothing made from breathable fabrics like cotton. Cover your head with a hat, scarf, or umbrella when outdoors.
• Avoid strenuous activities: Limit physical exertion, especially during the hottest part of the day. If you must exercise, do so in the early morning or late evening when temperatures are cooler.
• Seek cooler environments: If possible, spend time in air-conditioned places such as shopping malls, libraries, or community centers. Take cool showers or baths to lower your body temperature.
• Recognize the signs of heat-related illness: Be aware of the symptoms of heatstroke, such as high body temperature, headache, dizziness, nausea, and confusion. Seek medical attention immediately if you experience these symptoms.

While the current heatwave is expected to persist for a few more days, there is hope for some relief later in the week. The IMD has predicted that light to moderate rainfall, accompanied by thunderstorms and gusty winds, is likely to occur in Delhi-NCR, Haryana, Punjab, Chandigarh, and Uttar Pradesh around June 13-14. Uttarakhand is also expected to receive isolated heavy rainfall during this period. This anticipated rainfall is expected to bring down temperatures and provide much-needed respite from the scorching heat.

The return of the heatwave underscores the increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events in India, which are attributed to climate change. Experts emphasize the need for long-term strategies to mitigate the impacts of climate change and protect vulnerable populations from heat-related illnesses. This includes measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve access to cooling technologies, and strengthen public health systems.