Amidst a backdrop of shifting global alliances and economic uncertainties, President Xi Jinping and Prime Minister Narendra Modi met in Tianjin, China, on August 31, 2025, signaling a push for strengthened long-term cooperation between the two nations. The meeting, held on the sidelines of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Summit, marks a potential turning point in India-China relations, with both leaders emphasizing mutual respect, sensitivity, and a shared vision for a multipolar world.

Xi Jinping expressed his vision for a "Dragon-Elephant Tango," describing China and India as "two ancient civilizations" and the world's two most populous countries who are also important members of the Global South. He stressed the importance of friendship, good neighborly relations, and mutual success, highlighting the historical responsibility both countries share in improving the well-being of their people and promoting progress in developing nations. Xi called for enhanced strategic mutual trust and cooperation across various fields, with both sides safeguarding peace and tranquility in the border area.

Echoing this sentiment, PM Modi affirmed India's commitment to advancing bilateral ties based on "mutual trust, respect and sensitivity". He acknowledged the improved atmosphere of peace and stability along the border following disengagement efforts. Modi emphasized that the welfare of 2.8 billion people is linked to the cooperation between the two countries.

A key takeaway from the meeting was the announcement of the resumption of direct flights between India and China after a hiatus of over five years. This move aims to revive tourism and business travel, fostering people-to-people links and potentially boosting both economies. Both countries are also expected to update their air services agreement. The resumption of the Kailash Mansarovar Yatra was also noted as a positive step.

Border management was also a key point of discussion, with PM Modi noting the consent between special representatives on the issue. Both sides reiterated the importance of maintaining peace and stability in the border region as a foundation for the growth of their bilateral relationship.

The meeting comes amid a backdrop of evolving global dynamics, including trade tensions and a shifting geopolitical landscape. With the US imposing tariffs on India, the focus has shifted towards stabilizing the international economic order and enhancing economic cooperation between India and China.

President Xi Jinping also pushed for a multipolar world and greater democracy in international relations, urging both nations to uphold multilateralism and contribute to peace and prosperity in Asia and worldwide.

While challenges and historical mistrust remain, the meeting between PM Modi and President Xi signifies a step towards a more stable and predictable relationship between India and China. The emphasis on long-term cooperation, mutual respect, and addressing each other's concerns suggests a willingness to navigate complexities and work towards a shared future. The resumption of direct flights and the commitment to strengthening ties pave the way for enhanced economic, cultural, and strategic engagement between the two Asian giants.