A new report released today by the think tank NatStrat alleges that Pakistan has been employing terrorism as a state policy against India since 1947. The report, titled 'Chronology of Pakistani Terror Attack on India 1947-2025,' was released to coincide with the 17th anniversary of the Mumbai terror attacks.

The report divides terror activities emanating from Pakistan into five distinct phases:

• 1947-1971: An era marked by foundational conflicts.
• 1972-1989: The rise of proxy warfare.
• 1990-2000: A period of escalation and urban attacks.
• 2001-2009: Targeting of national symbols.
• 2010-2025: Adaptive terrorism and a hardened Indian response.

The NatStrat report chronicles significant acts of aggression and terror activities originating from Pakistan or Pakistani-controlled territory, demonstrating a decades-long hybrid warfare strategy against India. The report also highlights India's resilience in the face of these attacks.

Key Events and Allegations

The report details a long history of Pakistan's involvement in terrorism against India. Specific instances and patterns include:

• Early Support for Insurgencies: Starting in the 1960s, Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) is alleged to have supported insurgents in Northeast India, establishing training camps in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) to arm and fund Naga and Mizo insurgents.
• Operation Gibraltar (1965): A covert operation where Pakistani soldiers, disguised as locals, infiltrated Jammu and Kashmir to incite an armed uprising, triggering the 1965 India-Pakistan War.
• 1971 Hijacking: In 1971, an Indian Airlines plane was hijacked and flown to Lahore by Kashmiri separatists. One of the hijackers was allegedly connected to the National Liberation Front (NLF).
• Proxy Warfare: Since the 1980s, the ISI has allegedly nurtured proxy terror groups like Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT) and Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM) to carry out attacks while allowing Pakistan to deny direct involvement.
• Major Terrorist Attacks: The report lists major attacks, including the 2001 Parliament attack, the 2002 Akshardham Temple attack, the 2005 Delhi bombings, the 2006 Mumbai train bombings, the 2008 Indian Embassy attack in Kabul, and the 2008 Mumbai terror attacks.
• Recent Attacks: More recent incidents include the 2016 Pathankot attack, the 2016 Uri attack, the 2019 Pulwama attack, and the Pahalgam terror attack earlier this year.

India's Response and Current Tensions

Following a recent terrorist attack in Kashmir in April 2025 that killed 26 civilians, India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi declared a shift in policy towards Pakistan, promising decisive strikes against militant bases. Modi stated that any further attacks against Indians would be considered an act of war. In May 2025, India launched missile strikes in Pakistan, targeting militant groups.

Tensions remain high after a car explosion near Delhi's Red Fort earlier this month. Indian intelligence sources believe that a Pakistan-backed Jaish-e-Mohammed network was planning multiple bombings across Indian cities.

Global Implications

The report also notes that Pakistan-based terrorists have been involved in incidents worldwide, including in the United States, Europe, and West Asia. Despite international pressure and scrutiny from the Financial Action Task Force (FATF), Pakistan has allegedly not taken decisive action against these groups.