Delhi is grappling with a severe air quality crisis, prompting authorities to implement the most stringent measures under Stage IV of the Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP). This decision by the Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM) came on Saturday, December 13, 2025, as the Air Quality Index (AQI) soared into the ‘severe plus’ category, reaching as high as 455 in some areas.
The escalating pollution levels are attributed to slow wind speeds, a stable atmosphere, and unfavorable weather conditions that are trapping pollutants over the city. The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) recorded a 24-hour average AQI of 431 at 4 p.m. on Saturday, which further increased to 441 by 6 p.m. The CPCB has warned that air quality is likely to remain in the ‘severe’ category on Sunday, with only marginal improvement expected in the following days. On Sunday morning, the average AQI was 461.
Under GRAP Stage IV, a series of restrictions have been imposed across Delhi and the National Capital Region (NCR). Key measures include a ban on the movement of BS-III petrol and BS-IV diesel four-wheelers in Delhi, as well as in Gurugram, Faridabad, Ghaziabad, and Gautam Buddha Nagar. The entry of trucks into Delhi is also prohibited, with exemptions only for those carrying essential supplies or running on LNG, CNG, electric, or BS-VI fuel. Furthermore, construction and demolition activities are banned across the NCR.
Educational institutions have also been affected, with the Delhi Government directing all schools to conduct classes up to IX and XI in hybrid mode. In addition, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan may consider allowing 50% of employees to work from home. In Delhi, all government and private establishments are required to operate with 50% staff in offices.
The severe air quality poses significant health risks, especially for children, the elderly, and those with pre-existing conditions. Authorities have advised people to avoid outdoor activities.
The Delhi government has implemented several measures to control air pollution including declaring the whole of Delhi as an air pollution control area under the Air Act, closing thermal power plants, promoting gas-based power plants, and increasing green cover in Delhi. They've also installed online monitoring and emission control systems in thermal power plants and waste-to-energy plants.
The current situation highlights the urgent need for sustained and coordinated efforts to combat air pollution in Delhi-NCR. While emergency measures like GRAP Stage IV provide immediate relief, long-term solutions focusing on emission control, cleaner transportation, and sustainable industrial practices are crucial for ensuring cleaner air and protecting public health.
