The use of idioms and figures of speech is becoming a stumbling block in Indian discourse, especially in politics, leading to misunderstandings and controversies. This decline in idiomatic proficiency stems from a utilitarian approach to language education and a preference for succinct communication.

The Root of the Problem: Language Education and Usage

Spoken languages in India have largely become functional, detached from the literary depth that once enriched them with vibrant prose and idioms. School syllabi, in an effort to make languages accessible to all, often advocate a minimalist approach, which results in a lack of appreciation for the nuances and subtleties that define the individual character of each language.

Most Indians learn at least two, if not three, languages at the school level, but their grasp on each remains partial. This prompts them to switch between languages within a single thought, creating a hybrid patois that is sometimes mistaken for syncretism but is, in reality, evidence of increasing inarticulateness. The preference for quick, succinct communication, driven by the demands of modernity and perhaps even globalization, leaves little room for literary devices such as idioms.

Political Ramifications

In politics, where words are carefully parsed and scrutinized, the misinterpretation of idioms can have significant consequences. A recent incident involving a West Bengal MP illustrates this point. The MP's clumsy translation of an English idiom into Bangla sparked controversy and highlighted the pitfalls of unthinking translations.

W.H. Morris-Jones, a scholar of South Asian Studies, identified three idioms of Indian politics: modern, traditional, and saintly. The modern idiom is the language of the Constitution, law, and administration. The traditional idiom relates to local contexts like caste and community. The saintly idiom, exemplified by Gandhi, emphasizes non-violence and self-sacrifice. Today, a fourth idiom has emerged, focused on personal financial interests. Abusive language, such as "chor," "pappu," and "anti-national," has also become more common in Indian politics, signaling a decline in public discourse.

The Way Forward

To counter this trend, a renewed emphasis on idiomatic proficiency is needed. Language education should move beyond a purely utilitarian approach and cultivate an appreciation for the richness and diversity of expression. Encouraging the study of literature and exposing students to a wide range of idiomatic expressions can help to revitalize language skills.

Moreover, politicians and public figures must exercise caution in their use of language, particularly when translating idioms across different linguistic and cultural contexts. A deeper understanding of the nuances of language can help to prevent misunderstandings and promote more effective communication.

In a multilingual society like India, the ability to navigate the complexities of language is essential for fostering mutual understanding and social cohesion. By addressing the decline in idiomatic proficiency, India can safeguard its linguistic heritage and promote a more nuanced and informed public discourse.