The partnership between India and Bhutan is a "time-tested" relationship that continues to strengthen, characterized by deep-rooted historical ties, economic cooperation, and a shared vision for the future. This enduring bond is built upon mutual trust, understanding, and a genuine concern for each other's welfare and interests.

The foundation of the India-Bhutan relationship is the Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation, initially signed in 1949 and revised in 2007, which provides a framework for the two countries to collaborate on various fronts. Regular political and official exchanges are a hallmark of this special relationship. Notably, Bhutan was the first country External Affairs Minister (EAM) S. Jaishankar visited after assuming office in June 2019, and he visited again in April 2022, underscoring the importance India places on its relationship with Bhutan.

Economic cooperation is a significant pillar of the India-Bhutan partnership. India is Bhutan's largest trading partner and a key provider of development assistance. India's development cooperation with Bhutan is unique, driven by both economic and moral principles. This includes a Programme Grant, which provides direct budgetary support to the Royal Government of Bhutan. During Prime Minister Modi's visit to Bhutan in March 2024, the Indian government committed INR 10,000 Crore for Bhutan's 13th Five-Year Plan (FYP) period. In July 2024, the two countries agreed upon the first tranche of projects under the Government of India's Project Tied Assistance, amounting to approximately INR 5,000 Crore.

The relationship between India and Bhutan extends beyond economic ties, encompassing cultural exchanges, people-to-people connections, and cooperation in various sectors such as hydropower, education, and healthcare. India has also supported Bhutan's socio-economic development through infrastructure projects, capacity building, and technical assistance.

The frequent high-level exchanges between the two countries reflect the strength of their friendship. His Majesty, the King of Bhutan, has made several visits to India, including state visits to Assam and Maharashtra in November 2023 to expand ties and cooperation. These visits have further strengthened the bond between the two nations and paved the way for enhanced collaboration in various sectors.

In April 2023, a Joint Statement titled "A Framework for Expanded India-Bhutan Partnership" was issued, reaffirming the strength of the unique ties and outlining concrete areas to advance the partnership. This demonstrates the commitment of both countries to deepen their cooperation and explore new avenues for collaboration.

The India-Bhutan relationship is characterized by mutual respect, trust, and a shared vision for regional peace and prosperity. As External Affairs Minister Jaishankar has stated, the relationship is based on a genuine concern for each other's welfare and interests. This "time-tested" partnership is expected to continue moving from strength to strength, contributing to the progress and development of both nations.