To counter the increasing threats from drones, particularly along its borders with Pakistan and China, the Indian Army is actively enhancing its drone defense capabilities through the procurement and deployment of advanced radar systems. These new radar systems are designed to detect, track, and engage aerial objects with low radar cross-sections (RCS), making them harder to spot. This initiative is a crucial part of the Army's modernization efforts to address the evolving dynamics of modern warfare, where drones play an increasingly significant role.

Key Components of the Enhanced Drone Shield:

• Advanced Radar Technology: The Army is procuring new Low-Level Light Weight Radars (LLLR) engineered to detect even the smallest targets, including micro-drones, with a radar cross-section as low as 0.001 m². These radars have an effective detection range of approximately 6-7 km, providing crucial early warning in diverse terrains, from mountainous regions to deep valleys. By increasing the density of these sensors, the Army aims to create a comprehensive surveillance network capable of rapid threat response.
• Akashteer Air Defence Network Integration: The new radar systems will be integrated into the Army's Akashteer air defense network. This integration will provide battlefield commanders with sharper eyes in the sky and enable faster responses against hostile drones and other aerial threats.
• Air Defence Fire Control Radar-Drone Detectors (ADFCR-DD): The Army is also seeking to acquire ADFCR-DD systems, which combine a search radar, track radar, fire control systems, and Identification Friend-or-Foe (IFF) capability, all mounted on a single vehicle. These systems can control the fire of at least two L/70 or successor air defense guns and feed target data to Very Short Range Air Defence Systems (VSHORADS), designed to intercept threats at close range.
• Electro-Optical Tracking Systems (EOTS): To enhance tracking capabilities, the Army will use Electro-Optical Tracking Systems, allowing for both day and night tracking, independently or cued by radar.
• Laser-Based Anti-Drone Systems: The Army is also procuring laser-based anti-drone systems developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). These systems, equipped with 2-kilowatt lasers, have proven effective against Chinese-origin drones used for smuggling and surveillance.

Strategic Importance and Operational Capabilities:

• Countering Drone Swarms: Recognizing the potential complexities of drone-on-drone warfare, the Army is developing specialized counter-drone measures, including an innovative 'Drone Kill System' that integrates aerial combat drones with rocket-based countermeasures.
• Enhanced Surveillance and Reconnaissance: The deployment of 5,000 tethered drones across various terrains, from coastal areas to deserts and mountains, will provide integral beyond line of sight surveillance capability to tactical commanders with prolonged endurance. These drones will be operational in diverse weather conditions and at altitudes up to 18,000 feet.
• Indigenous Development and Private Sector Involvement: The Indian Army is prioritizing the development of domestically manufactured drones to reduce dependence on foreign technology. Private sector companies are also playing a vital role in drone development, supplying VTOL and FPV drones for operations in high-altitude and urban environments.
• Focus on AI and Automation: The Army's modernization plan includes the acquisition of reconnaissance drones similar to the American Guardian drones and millions of small "suicide drones". These drones will utilize AI-enabled targeting and reusable warhead systems for precision strikes.

Addressing Specific Threats:

• Pakistan's Drone Tactics: Following instances where Pakistan relied heavily on drone swarms for surveillance and attempted to damage civilian and defense installations, the Indian Army is specifically targeting the ability to counter these tactics with advanced radar systems.
• Chinese-Origin Drones: The laser-based anti-drone systems are specifically aimed at neutralizing Chinese-origin drones used for smuggling weapons and narcotics, as well as conducting surveillance along the Line of Control and the International Border.

By integrating these advanced radar systems and counter-drone technologies, the Indian Army aims to establish a robust drone shield that enhances its ability to safeguard critical infrastructure, strategic assets, and troops deployed along its challenging borders. This comprehensive approach to drone defense reflects a significant recalibration of India's national security framework in response to the evolving threats of modern warfare.