Russian President Vladimir Putin is scheduled to visit India on December 4-5 for the 23rd India-Russia Annual Summit, according to the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA). This visit, at the invitation of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, is anticipated to deepen the strategic ties between New Delhi and Moscow, especially in light of recent geopolitical shifts. Putin's visit marks his first trip to India since the onset of the Russia-Ukraine war in February 2022; his last visit was in December 2021.
The summit's agenda is expected to cover a wide array of topics, including energy cooperation, defence relations, trade expansion, and regional security, with a particular focus on developments in Ukraine, West Asia, and the Indo-Pacific. Discussions will also likely address India's potential procurement of additional S-400 air-defense squadrons and Sukhoi-57 fighter jets.
S-400 Air Defence System
A key area of discussion will likely be India's acquisition of the S-400 "Sudarshan" surface-to-air missile systems from Russia. India is reportedly considering procuring additional S-400 missile systems. Defence Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh has indicated that the Indian government plans to discuss broader defence cooperation and seek clarity on delayed deliveries of the S-400 air defense systems. While new procurement announcements are not expected during this visit, the focus will be on resolving existing delivery delays. Russia has committed to delivering the remaining equipment in the financial year 2026-27. The S-400 systems have been described by the Indian Armed Forces as a "game-changer" and played a key role during Operation Sindoor.
Trade in Local Currencies
Another significant aspect of the summit is the expected discussion on enhancing trade between India and Russia using local currencies. Approximately 90% of trade between the two countries is now conducted in local or alternate currencies. This move is part of a broader effort to reduce dependence on the U.S. dollar and enhance financial sovereignty. The growing use of the rupee in Russia exemplifies how bilateral arrangements can build economic resilience. Sberbank processes up to 70% of Russia's exports to India in rupees. Discussions may also advance on integrating Russia's Mir and India's RuPay payment systems to simplify transactions and reinforce financial independence from Western-dominated systems.
Broader Implications
The visit occurs against the backdrop of the ongoing Russia-Ukraine war, which will also be a key agenda item. India has consistently advocated for a peaceful resolution to the conflict. Furthermore, the summit is crucial for maintaining the balance in India's relationships with both Russia and the United States. Despite increasing defense cooperation with the U.S., India continues its long-standing defense partnership with Russia.
In addition to his talks with Prime Minister Modi, President Putin is also scheduled to meet with President Droupadi Murmu, who will host a state banquet in his honor. Following the talks, both sides are expected to adopt a joint statement and sign a wide range of interdepartmental and business agreements.
