In a world grappling with the protracted Russia-Ukraine war, India's diplomatic strategy, led by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, has carved out a unique and influential position on the global stage. Eschewing traditional notions of neutrality, India has actively championed peace while navigating complex relationships with both Russia and the West.
"Not Neutral, on the Side of Peace"
Prime Minister Modi has explicitly stated that India is "not neutral" on the Russia-Ukraine conflict, but rather "on the side of peace". This stance, articulated during a recent meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin in New Delhi, underscores India's commitment to a peaceful resolution through dialogue and diplomacy. Modi has consistently urged both Russia and Ukraine to engage in direct talks, highlighting the importance of respecting international law, the UN Charter, and the sovereignty and territorial integrity of states.
Balancing Act: Strategic Autonomy
India's approach to the Russia-Ukraine war reflects its long-standing policy of non-alignment and strategic autonomy. Despite pressure from Western nations to condemn Russia, India has maintained a balanced stance, abstaining from key UN resolutions while simultaneously providing humanitarian assistance to Ukraine. This strategy allows India to protect its national interests, maintain strong ties with Russia, and promote peace and stability in the region.
Historical Ties and Economic Considerations
India's relationship with Russia is deeply rooted in history, dating back to the Indo-Soviet relations of 1971. During the Soviet era, relations with India were considered exemplary, and this legacy continues to this day. India relies heavily on Russian military exports, with over 85% of its arsenal comprised of Russian or Soviet-made weaponry. This dependence, coupled with the economic benefits of discounted Russian oil and fertilizers, has influenced India's approach to the conflict. Since the start of the war, India has increased its purchase of Russian oil, becoming one of Russia's largest trade partners.
Mediation Efforts and Global Impact
India's diplomatic engagement with both Russia and Ukraine has positioned it as a potential mediator in the conflict. Modi has communicated with both Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy and Russian President Vladimir Putin, urging continued negotiations. India's balanced approach and historical ties with both nations could enable it to play a constructive role in future peace negotiations.
India's foreign policy during the Russia-Ukraine war demonstrates a commitment to its own set of guiding principles, emphasizing the importance of peaceful resolution through diplomacy and dialogue. While maintaining its strategic partnership with Russia, India has also made clear its support for Ukraine through humanitarian aid and has repeatedly called for a cessation of hostilities. This approach has allowed India to navigate a complex geopolitical landscape while solidifying its position as a responsible global actor.
