New Delhi is grappling with a severe air quality crisis as the Air Quality Index (AQI) reached a high of 461 on Sunday, marking the worst reading of the season. This level falls within the "severe" category, according to the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB). The deteriorating air quality has triggered emergency measures, including the implementation of Stage IV of the Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP).
The Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM) invoked the Stage IV measures on Saturday, which include a ban on all construction and demolition activities in Delhi and the National Capital Region (NCR). Additionally, restrictions have been placed on the entry of older diesel trucks into the city, and a shift to hybrid schooling has been implemented. Authorities are advising residents to stay indoors, especially children and individuals with respiratory or heart conditions. If going outside is unavoidable, wearing masks is strongly recommended.
The CPCB data revealed that several locations across Delhi recorded "severe" air quality. Bawana registered the highest AQI at 497, followed by Narela at 492 and Okhla Phase II at 474. In contrast, NSIT Dwarka recorded the lowest AQI at 411. Anand Vihar, Ashok Vihar, DTU, ITO and Nehru Nagar also saw air quality deteriorate into the 'severe' category.
The severe air quality is attributed to unfavorable meteorological conditions, including high humidity and a change in wind direction, preventing pollutants from dispersing. This has led to the formation of a dense smog that has reduced visibility across the city. Residents have reported breathing difficulties, eye irritation, and general health discomfort due to the hazardous air quality.
The current situation has raised concerns among residents and environmental activists. Many are urging the government to implement stronger and long-term measures to tackle the pollution crisis. Environmentalist Bhavreen Khandhari described the current response as largely reactive, arguing that sustained improvement in air quality requires long-term and systemic policy interventions. She pointed to extensive construction activity and highlighted shortages in resources and manpower within government agencies as issues that need urgent attention.
According to the CPCB, an AQI between 0 and 50 is considered 'good', 51 and 100 'satisfactory', 101 and 200 'moderate', 201 and 300 'poor', 301 and 400 'very poor', and 401 and 500 'severe'. The current AQI of 461 indicates that the air quality is dangerous for all individuals, regardless of their health condition.
While the current AQI is the highest of the season, it is not the highest Delhi has ever experienced. However, it marks one of the worst pollution spells of the current winter season, with health risks high even for otherwise healthy individuals. Authorities have enforced emergency restrictions across the city, including schools shifting to hybrid mode and offices reducing attendance. The CAQM has also directed the immediate suspension of all outdoor sports activities, warning that their continuation poses a "serious health risk to children".
