Prime Minister Narendra Modi is navigating a complex diplomatic landscape, reinforcing ties with both China and Japan while addressing regional disputes. On a recent visit to Japan for the 15th Annual Summit with Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba, Modi underscored the importance of the India-Japan relationship, balancing these strategic ties with the need for stable relations with China.
Modi's trip to Japan, his eighth since 2014, highlights the strengthening "Special Strategic and Global Partnership" between the two nations. Discussions with Prime Minister Ishiba are expected to launch new initiatives in areas like semiconductors, artificial intelligence, space, and defense. This collaboration aims to enhance economic and investment ties, and advance cooperation in emerging technologies. Japan's role in India's bullet train project is also a focal point, with a planned agreement for the transfer of Japanese E-10 coaches in 2030.
Despite the deepening partnership with Japan, Modi has emphasized the crucial need for strong ties with China. He asserted that stable and predictable relations between the two nations are vital for regional peace, prosperity, and global economic stability. Modi highlighted that cooperation between India and China, as two major economies, can bring stability to the world economic order. He is scheduled to attend the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Summit in Tianjin, China, at the invitation of President Xi Jinping. This visit marks his first to China in seven years.
However, the situation is nuanced. India and Japan have voiced "serious concern" over tensions in the East and South China Seas, signaling sensitivity to Japanese concerns amid historical tensions. Both leaders have expressed strong opposition to any unilateral actions that endanger safety and freedom of navigation, or attempt to change the status quo through force or coercion. They also voiced serious concern over the militarization of disputed features, reaffirming that disputes must be resolved peacefully in accordance with international law. This stance aligns with the commitment to a free and open Indo-Pacific region.
Modi's approach reflects a balancing act. By skipping China's military parade, he avoids a gesture that Japan might perceive as antagonistic. Simultaneously, he is engaging with China through the SCO summit, indicating a willingness to cooperate on regional and global issues. This engagement is particularly significant in light of recent trade dynamics, including tariffs imposed by the U.S. on Indian exports. Strengthening ties with both Japan and China allows India to diversify trade and cushion the impact of these economic pressures.
The Prime Minister's commitment to both relationships is evident in his statements and actions. He aims to advance bilateral ties with China based on mutual respect, interest, and sensitivity, while also enhancing strategic communication to address developmental challenges. Modi is also keen to promote regional peace and security through various forums, including the Quad, with Japan, Australia, and the United States.
Overall, PM Modi's foreign policy demonstrates a strategic approach to maintain and strengthen ties with both China and Japan. While acknowledging and addressing concerns related to regional disputes, he is actively pursuing cooperation on economic, technological, and strategic fronts. This balanced approach aims to serve India's national interests and contribute to regional and global stability.
