Prime Minister Narendra Modi's recent visit to Trinidad and Tobago on July 3-4, 2025, marks a significant milestone in the relationship between India and the Caribbean nation. This visit, the first by an Indian Prime Minister since 1999, underscores the deep cultural and historical ties that bind the two countries. Modi's trip, part of a five-nation tour, aims to strengthen economic, cultural, and strategic ties, aligning with India's broader outreach to the Global South.
The relationship between India and Trinidad and Tobago is rooted in a shared colonial history. Between 1845 and 1917, over 140,000 Indians arrived in Trinidad as indentured laborers, shaping its cultural fabric. These immigrants, arriving on ships like the Fatel Razack, formed one of the most significant Indian diaspora communities in the Western Hemisphere. Today, their descendants constitute approximately 40-45% of Trinidad and Tobago's population of 1.36 million, making them the largest ethnic group in the nation. This vibrant diaspora has significantly influenced various aspects of Trinidadian society, including politics, law, medicine, academia, and business.
During his visit, Modi held talks with President Christine Carla Kangaloo and Prime Minister Kamla Persad-Bissessar to further strengthen bilateral relations. He also addressed a Joint Session of the Parliament of Trinidad and Tobago, highlighting the democratic ties between the two nations. Modi's address to the Indian diaspora was a key event, recognizing their vital role as a bridge between the two countries.
Economic ties between India and Trinidad and Tobago are growing, with bilateral trade reaching $250 million in 2024. There is potential for expansion in sectors like energy, agriculture, pharmaceuticals, textiles, and machinery. Trinidad and Tobago, a major producer of liquefied natural gas (LNG), is a prospective energy partner for India. Indian companies, such as ONGC Videsh, are exploring energy investments in Trinidad's offshore fields. The two countries are also seeking to expand cooperation in healthcare, renewable energy, digital public infrastructure, disaster resilience, technology, sports, academics, and cultural exchanges.
India and Trinidad and Tobago share strategic interests in global governance. Both nations advocate for reforming the United Nations, including Security Council expansion. They also cooperate on climate resilience, with India's International Solar Alliance (ISA) offering sustainable energy solutions.
The visit coincided with the 180th anniversary of Indian arrival in Trinidad and Tobago, adding symbolic weight to India's commitment to its Caribbean partnerships. This milestone was commemorated with a Global Indian Diaspora Conference in Trinidad from May 30th to June 2nd, 2025. The conference explored the economic, socio-cultural, religious, and political advancements of the Indian diaspora, emphasizing their transformative contributions to post-indentured societies.
Modi's visit to Trinidad and Tobago reaffirms a historic bond rooted in diaspora and shared values. The strong presence and integration of the Indian community, the growing economic potential, and the strategic alignment between the two countries drive this partnership. As India seeks to expand its influence in the Global South, Trinidad and Tobago emerges as a key partner in this endeavor.
