Prime Minister Narendra Modi met with Chinese President Xi Jinping on Sunday in Tianjin, China, on the sidelines of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Summit. This marks Modi's first visit to China in seven years. Both leaders emphasized the importance of a long-term perspective in India-China relations, particularly as 2025 marks the 75th anniversary of diplomatic relations between the two countries.

In his opening remarks, President Xi Jinping stated that it is vital for India and China to be friends and good neighbors, adding, "the Dragon and the Elephant" should come together. He highlighted that both countries are major civilizations and populous nations that are part of the Global South. Xi stressed the need for both nations to uphold multilateralism, promote a multipolar world, and work together for peace and prosperity in Asia and the world.

PM Modi conveyed India's commitment to advancing ties with China based on mutual trust, respect, and sensitivity. He noted the peace and stability along the border following last year's disengagement process and announced the resumption of direct flights between the two countries.

The meeting between Modi and Xi is viewed as a significant step in stabilizing bilateral relations after a period of tension, including a military standoff in the Ladakh region in 2020. Discussions are expected to build upon the consensus reached at their meeting in Kazan, Russia, in October 2024, which led to troop disengagements and the resumption of the Kailash Mansarovar Yatra.

Several factors have contributed to the renewed engagement between India and China. The shared threat of US tariffs has incentivized both countries to improve relations. India, recently hit with increased tariffs by the US, is seeking to diversify its trade and strengthen ties with China. China, in turn, may see an opportunity to draw India away from US-led blocs like the QUAD.

Analysts suggest that the current global landscape, marked by trade tensions and geopolitical shifts, necessitates a recalibration of the India-China relationship. Both countries recognize the need to find a new equilibrium and address outstanding issues, including border disputes, to ensure stability in Asia.

The SCO summit provides a platform for India and China to address common grievances and promote a multipolar world order. The presence of leaders from various Asian, European, and Middle Eastern countries underscores the importance of the SCO as a regional grouping. While PM Modi may not attend the military parade, the summit is expected to enhance China's image, especially among countries in the Global South.