The government has established a committee to delve into the complexities surrounding illegal immigration, a move that comes amid increasing political focus on border security and demographic shifts. This decision surfaces as state-level authorities have previously presented research highlighting demographic changes in districts bordering Nepal and Bangladesh.

The timing of this committee's formation is noteworthy, preceding assembly elections in Bihar this year, followed by Assam and West Bengal next year, all of which are states bordering other countries. Illegal immigration is anticipated to become a significant political issue in these regions.

Concerns about the impact of illegal immigration are not new. A hearing held by the House Judiciary Subcommittee on Immigration Integrity, Security, and Enforcement in January 2024 examined the strain that illegal immigration places on social services such as schools, hospitals, and law enforcement, affecting American citizens and legal residents. Witnesses at the hearing included public officials and experts from various organizations, who testified on the challenges faced by communities.

In September 2023, the House Committee on Education & the Workforce held a hearing focusing on the impact of the Biden administration's border policies on the American workforce. Republican members of the committee argued that these policies have led to a displacement of American workers and a decline in real wages. Expert witnesses presented data indicating that the influx of cheap, illegal labor has contributed to suppressing earnings for the American working class.

Data presented during a House Committee on Homeland Security, Subcommittee on Counterterrorism, Law Enforcement, and Intelligence hearing in September 2024 highlighted the national security implications of illegal immigration. The hearing addressed the increasing number of individuals on terror watch lists attempting to cross the U.S.-Mexico border illegally. It was noted that encounters with individuals on the terror watch list have increased significantly compared to previous years. Concerns were also raised about the number of "gotaways," individuals who evade arrest by CBP officials, and the potential for undetected aliens entering the United States.

These concerns are further amplified by reports of illegal aliens with connections to ISIS-affiliated human smuggling networks entering the country. The ability to conclusively determine the potential terrorist threat posed by these individuals during the vetting process remains a challenge.

It's important to note that different perspectives exist regarding the issue of illegal immigration. Some argue that illegal immigrants fill essential labor needs and contribute to the economy, while others emphasize the potential strain on social services and the workforce.

The newly formed government committee will likely be tasked with examining various facets of illegal immigration, including its economic, social, and security implications. Their findings and recommendations could potentially shape future policies and strategies related to border control and immigration enforcement.