The National Democratic Alliance (NDA) has secured a sweeping victory in the Bihar Assembly elections, held between November 6 and 11, 2025. The NDA, led by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), won 202 out of 243 seats, defeating the Mahagathbandhan (MGB) led by the Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD). This outcome underscores the political resilience of Chief Minister Nitish Kumar and the continued influence of Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The BJP has emerged as the single largest party in the state for the first time.

The NDA's victory is attributed to several factors, including effective alliance consolidation and vote fragmentation. The NDA secured 47.2% of the vote share, while the MGB obtained 37.3%. The NDA's ability to work as a united front, with smaller allies making significant contributions, also played a crucial role. Furthermore, the NDA's campaign focused on welfare schemes, particularly those benefiting women, and reminded voters of past governance issues, which helped consolidate voter sentiment.

Within the NDA, the BJP won or led in 93 seats with a 20.5 percent vote share. The Janata Dal (United) or JD(U), a key NDA constituent, won or led in 83 seats, with 19 percent of the votes. The Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas) or LJPRV, another local NDA ally, won or led in 19 seats.

The MGB, on the other hand, faced a significant setback. The RJD, which was the single largest party in the 2020 state polls, won only 25 seats. The Congress party's performance was particularly poor, winning or leading in only five seats. This has raised questions about the Congress's role in the INDIA bloc and its ability to lead and win elections.

Several factors contributed to the MGB's defeat. The NDA increased its vote share significantly, while the MGB's share remained relatively stable. The consolidation of non-MGB voters behind the NDA increased the winning threshold, making it difficult for MGB candidates to win. Additionally, the MGB was unable to effectively counter the NDA's campaign, which focused on development and welfare.

The Bihar election results have significant implications for the INDIA alliance, a coalition of opposition parties seeking to challenge the NDA in future elections. The Congress's poor performance in Bihar has raised questions about its viability as a coalition partner and its ability to lead the opposition. The results may also lead to increased pressure on the Congress to accept the terms of its allies in other states.

The NDA's victory in Bihar is likely to have an impact on the upcoming Rajya Sabha elections, as it increases the alliance's ability to elect more members from the state. It is also expected to boost the BJP's confidence in conducting legislative business in Parliament.

The Bihar election results represent a significant victory for the NDA and a setback for the INDIA alliance. The results highlight the importance of alliance consolidation, effective campaigning, and a focus on welfare and development. As the INDIA alliance assesses its performance, it may need to reinvent its strategy to effectively challenge the NDA in future elections.