Singapore's historical and cultural links with India were recently highlighted by Singapore's former Deputy Prime Minister, Teo Chee Hean. In a speech delivered on December 9, 2025, Teo emphasized the deep roots of the relationship between the two nations, noting that Singapore's very name originates from Sanskrit.

Sanskrit Origins and Historical Ties

Teo Chee Hean, who also serves as Senior Advisor to the Prime Minister, delivered the 5th Atal Bihari Vajpayee Memorial Lecture, using the platform to reflect on the enduring connections between India and Singapore. He pointed out that "Singapore" or "Singapura" is derived from Sanskrit, specifically "Simhapura" meaning "lion city," illustrating India's early influence in Southeast Asia. Historical records suggest that a Sumatran prince from Indonesia, Sri Tri Bhuvana, also known as Sanga Neela Utama, founded the Kingdom of Singapura in 1299.

Adding to the historical context, Teo noted that Singapore was administered from Kolkata until 1867. This colonial connection is reflected in the institutions, practices, and the widespread use of English in Singapore, as well as the presence of a large Indian community. In fact, pre-colonial Singapore was once part of Indian kingdoms like Srivijaya and Majapahit.

Strategic Partnership and Economic Cooperation

Beyond historical ties, Teo Chee Hean lauded the growing strategic partnership between India and Singapore, which has been further strengthened under the leadership of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi. This partnership extends to various sectors, including trade, investment, and technology. Bilateral relations were elevated to a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership during Prime Minister Modi's visit to Singapore, demonstrating a shared commitment to enhanced cooperation.

Singapore has been a strong supporter of India's integration into ASEAN, playing a crucial role in India becoming a dialogue partner and a member of the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF). Singapore has also advocated for a greater role for India in the Asia-Pacific region. In 2005, the two countries signed the Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement (CECA), the first such agreement for India with any country. The CECA integrates agreements on trade, services, investments, and economic cooperation.

The Indian Diaspora's Enduring Contribution

Teo Chee Hean also acknowledged the significant role of the Indian diaspora in shaping Singapore's economy, culture, and social fabric since the 19th century. Today, ethnic Indians constitute a considerable portion of Singapore's resident population. This community has been instrumental in Singapore's development and continues to contribute to its vibrant multicultural society.

Looking Ahead

The enduring relationship between India and Singapore is built on strong foundations and a shared vision for the future. As both nations navigate present uncertainties and challenges, they are committed to working together to promote inclusive, resilient, and sustainable development. India's vision of "One Earth, One Family, One Future" resonates strongly with Singapore, highlighting the shared values and goals that underpin this deeply rooted partnership.