Amidst strained relations between India and Canada following accusations of Indian involvement in the killing of Sikh separatist leader Hardeep Singh Nijjar in 2023, the recent invitation extended by Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney to Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi for the upcoming G7 summit in Alberta signals a potential shift in Canada's approach to its relationship with India. This move raises questions about whether Carney is attempting to undo the Khalistan policy associated with his predecessor, Justin Trudeau, and what implications this might have for the future of India-Canada relations.

The relationship between India and Canada experienced a significant downturn after Trudeau's public allegations of Indian government involvement in Nijjar's death. Nijjar, a vocal advocate for Khalistan, the creation of a separate Sikh state in India, was shot and killed in British Columbia in June 2023. India has rejected these allegations as "preposterous," and the controversy led to diplomatic expulsions and a freeze in bilateral cooperation.

Carney's invitation to Modi for the G7 summit, scheduled to take place in Kananaskis, Alberta, between June 15 and 17, marks a notable departure from the recent tensions. While India is not a member of the G7, Modi has attended previous summits, and Carney has emphasized the importance of India's presence at discussions concerning international peace and security, global economic stability, and the digital transition.

Several factors may be influencing Carney's decision to extend the invitation. Firstly, there's a clear acknowledgment of India's growing economic importance and its role in global supply chains. Carney has openly stated his intent to diversify Canada's economic partnerships and has specifically identified India as a key player. Reviving the stalled Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) could significantly boost trade and investment between the two countries.

Secondly, Carney, a former central banker with a global perspective, is expected to adopt a more pragmatic approach to foreign policy. He has signaled his intention to reset ties with New Delhi, describing the relationship as "incredibly important." This suggests a willingness to move beyond the diplomatic tensions of the Trudeau era and focus on areas of mutual interest.

However, Carney's decision has faced criticism, particularly from within Canada's Sikh community. Organizations like the World Sikh Organisation have expressed their disappointment, viewing the invitation as a "betrayal of Sikh Canadians." These groups argue that inviting Modi sends the wrong message given the unresolved allegations surrounding Nijjar's killing.

Carney has defended his decision by emphasizing Canada's commitment to the rule of law and the ongoing legal process related to Nijjar's death. He has stated that he will not disrupt the legal process. During a press conference on Friday, when questioned if he believed Modi was involved in the killing of Nijjar, Carney said it was not appropriate to comment on an ongoing legal case. He has also highlighted the importance of continued law enforcement dialogue and discussions addressing security concerns between the two countries.

Despite the potential for improved relations, significant challenges remain. Deep-rooted mistrust persists, and core disagreements regarding the activities of pro-Khalistan groups in Canada and allegations of Indian interference in domestic affairs need to be addressed. The ongoing criminal investigation into Nijjar's killing could also present further obstacles.

Ultimately, whether Carney's invitation to Modi represents a genuine shift in Canada's Khalistan policy and a sustainable improvement in India-Canada relations remains to be seen. It will depend on the willingness of both sides to engage in constructive dialogue, address outstanding concerns, and prioritize mutual interests. If Carney can navigate these complexities, the G7 summit could serve as a crucial step towards rebuilding a vital partnership.