Rajasthan is witnessing a significant environmental movement, the ‘Khejri Bachao Andolan,’ as communities rally to protect the Khejri tree (Prosopis cineraria), also known as the "Kalpavriksha" or wish-fulfilling tree of Rajasthan. This widespread protest is rooted in deep ecological and cultural significance, fueled by the alleged illegal felling of Khejri trees for solar energy projects in western Rajasthan.
The Khejri tree holds immense importance in the ecology and culture of Rajasthan. It is the state tree, deeply embedded in the traditions and livelihoods of the people. Its drought-resistant nature makes it a vital component of the Thar Desert ecosystem, providing shade, fodder for animals, and contributing to soil fertility through nitrogen fixation. The wood is a valuable source of fuel and building material. For centuries, the Khejri has been a lifeline for the desert communities, earning its title as "Kalpavriksha".
The ‘Khejri Bachao Andolan’ gained momentum in Bikaner, where thousands of protesters, including environmentalists, religious leaders, social activists, and political figures, have gathered to voice their concerns. The movement is driven by the alleged destruction of Khejri trees to clear land for solar projects. Allegations suggest that trees are being felled at night and buried to avoid scrutiny.
The protesters are demanding stricter measures to protect the Khejri, including a Tree Protection Act and significantly increased penalties for illegal felling – raising the fine to ₹1 lakh per tree. They are calling for a complete ban on cutting Khejri trees. The movement has seen participation from various segments of society, including 363 saints who initiated a hunger strike in support of the cause. Markets in Bikaner have shut down in solidarity, and schools have observed half-day holidays to support the protest.
The ‘Khejri Bachao Andolan’ draws inspiration from historical events, most notably the 1730 sacrifice of Amrita Devi Bishnoi and 363 others from the Bishnoi community, who sacrificed their lives to protect Khejri trees. This act of environmental conservation is a cornerstone of the Bishnoi community's ethos, who are known for their dedication to protecting nature. Former Chief Minister Ashok Gehlot has also condemned the felling of Khejri trees, emphasizing the need for a development model that doesn't compromise the environment.
Recognizing the severity of the situation, the state government has taken initial steps to address the concerns. Rajasthan Chief Minister Bhajan Lal Sharma announced that the government would enact a special law to curb the felling of Khejri trees. The government has also imposed an immediate ban on the cutting of Khejri trees in the Jodhpur and Bikaner divisions. Minister K.K. Bishnoi engaged with the protestors, assuring them that the government is considering a Tree Act in the current legislative session.
The ‘Khejri Bachao Andolan’ highlights the growing tension between renewable energy development and environmental conservation. While solar projects are crucial for meeting India's energy needs and combating climate change, their implementation must be carefully planned to minimize environmental impact and protect valuable ecosystems. The Khejri tree, as a symbol of Rajasthan's natural and cultural heritage, has become a rallying point for communities demanding sustainable development practices. The movement underscores the importance of community involvement and government accountability in protecting the environment for future generations.