Obtaining an Aadhaar card, the 12-digit unique identification number issued by the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI), has become a more rigorous process for adults. Recent changes in regulations and verification procedures aim to enhance the integrity of the Aadhaar system and prevent misuse.

Tighter Norms for Adult Registration

The government has tightened the norms for new adult Aadhaar registrations. This is due to the near saturation of Aadhaar enrollment, with over 140 crore Aadhaars already generated, including for deceased individuals. With infants now also being enrolled shortly after birth, the focus has shifted to ensuring the adult enrollment process is more secure.

Focus on Verification and Preventing Fraud

The primary driver behind the stricter process is to prevent fraud and ensure that only verified individuals are issued Aadhaar cards. This move is intended to make it more difficult for fake identities and illegal immigrants to infiltrate official systems and access government benefits. The UIDAI is taking steps to ensure that Aadhaar is only issued after rigorous checks.

State-Level Verification

For the past few years, states have been entrusted with the responsibility of verifying the credentials of adult applicants. Aadhaar is issued only after these checks are completed through a state portal. This measure is designed to address concerns about illegal immigrants obtaining Aadhaar cards using forged or fake documents.

Online Database Integration

The UIDAI is planning to leverage online databases for verification purposes. The authority aims to tap into online records such as passports, ration cards, birth certificates, and matriculation certificates to verify the information provided by adult applicants. A new tool developed by UIDAI will add a second layer of checks for both enrollment and updates by accessing documents available online such as driving licenses, PAN cards, and MNREGS details. Going forward, the system may also incorporate documents like electricity bills. These documents align with the requirements for centralized KYC (Know Your Customer), ensuring a more homogenous identity verification process.

Stringent Verification in Specific States

Some states have implemented even stricter Aadhaar verification processes. For instance, Manipur has enforced the most stringent Aadhaar verification process in India, where every adult Aadhaar application is scrutinized and approved at the state headquarters level by the Special Secretary (Home). This process aims to prevent illegal foreigners from acquiring Aadhaar cards and using them to legitimize their stay or operations in India. Manipur also mandates two free biometric updates (MBU-1 between ages 5-7 and MBU-2 after age 15) to maintain data accuracy and authenticity. Similarly, in Assam, district deputy commissioners are the sole authority for processing Aadhaar cards for adults. This is a departure from the usual practice of utilizing Seva Kendras or external agencies.

Documents Required for Aadhaar Verification and Enrolment

Aadhaar verification can be completed online by visiting the official UIDAI website. The "Aadhaar Services" section provides options to verify an Aadhaar number by entering the 12-digit number and a captcha code.

For individuals aged 5 years and older, a wide range of documents are accepted for enrollment. These documents can serve as proof of identity (POI), proof of address (POA), proof of relationship (POR), or proof of date of birth (PDB). Common examples include a valid Indian Passport for all proofs, PAN Card/e-PAN Card, Driving Licence, CGHS/ECHS/ESIC/Medi-Claim Card for identity only, and Ration/PDS Photograph Card, Voter Identity Card, Disability ID Card, or Photo ID/Certificate by the Government for identity and address.

Aadhaar Authentication

Aadhaar authentication is a crucial process for confirming the authenticity and validity of an Aadhaar card. It helps confirm genuine identity, validate active status, and resolve discrepancies. There are several methods for Aadhaar verification, including Aadhaar number validation, demographic match, OTP-based Aadhaar eKYC, and biometric authentication.

Aadhaar for Overseas Citizens of India (OCI)

The enrollment rules for OCIs have also been revised. Anyone above 18 years wishing to enroll for Aadhaar must demonstrate that they have stayed in India for 182 days in the preceding 12 months, which will be verified by revenue officials.

These changes collectively indicate a move towards a more secure and reliable Aadhaar system, with a focus on preventing misuse and ensuring that the unique identification number is issued only to genuine residents and citizens of India.