India is currently experiencing a surge in COVID-19 cases, accompanied by reports of fatalities in certain states. While the overall situation is being closely monitored and is currently described as under control, the uptick has prompted health authorities to urge vigilance and adherence to safety protocols.

Current Situation

As of May 24, 2025, India has reported a modest increase in active COVID-19 cases. While the numbers are relatively low compared to previous waves, the rise is noticeable after months of significantly reduced infections. According to the Union Health Ministry, there are 257 active cases across the country. Several states are contributing to this increase, with Kerala, Tamil Nadu, and Maharashtra accounting for a significant proportion of the active cases. Kerala currently has the highest number of active cases at 95, followed by Tamil Nadu with 66 and Maharashtra with 56. Other states, including Delhi, Puducherry, Karnataka, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Haryana, Sikkim, and West Bengal, have also reported new or existing cases.

Recent Deaths

Recent reports indicate that there have been some COVID-19 related deaths. Maharashtra reported four deaths, and Karnataka reported one. It's important to note that those who died had underlying health conditions, suggesting comorbidities played a role in the severity of their illness.

Regional Resurgence

The rise in cases in India mirrors a broader regional trend in Asia. Countries like Singapore, Hong Kong, and Thailand have also reported surges in COVID-19 infections. In Singapore, cases have increased significantly, while Hong Kong has seen a rise in its test positivity rate. Thailand has also witnessed a doubling of cases in recent weeks, prompting health officials to encourage booster vaccinations.

Potential Causes

Several factors may be contributing to the current surge. The emergence and spread of new subvariants, descendants of the Omicron variant, are suspected to be playing a role. These subvariants, such as OF.7 and NB.1.8 (both offshoots of the JN.1 lineage), are believed to have increased transmissibility. Another contributing factor is the waning immunity in the population. While many people have gained immunity through prior infection or vaccination, this immunity can decrease over time, making individuals more susceptible to infection.

Government and Health Authority Response

The health authorities in India are closely monitoring the situation. While asserting that the current situation is under control, they are taking precautionary measures and urging the public to remain vigilant. The Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) has stated that it is constantly monitoring the spread of COVID-19 and has set aside dedicated beds and rooms for COVID-19 patients in Mumbai's municipal hospitals. They have also stated that capacity will be scaled up if needed. Health departments in various states are urging people to follow COVID-appropriate behavior, especially vulnerable groups such as pregnant women, the elderly, and those with chronic illnesses.

Variants in Circulation

The rise in COVID-19 cases in Southeast Asia is being driven by the JN.1 variant. The World Health Organization said that the JN.1 variant has around 30 mutations, including LF.7 and NB.1.8, the most common sub-variant responsible for the current surge.

Recommendations

While the current surge is a cause for concern, it's important to remain calm and follow the guidance of health authorities. Public health guidelines continue to be important. The public is urged to get vaccinated, and if eligible, to get booster shots. Wearing masks in crowded places, maintaining social distance, and practicing frequent hand hygiene can help to slow the spread of the virus.